A clockwork orange: Futuristic fantasy Essay

A Clockwork Orange is a book with a good. More than that, it is an admonition: an alert to the 1960s society of which Burgess was a section. His expectations of the world to come are bleeding and his delineations of aggressor systems and authoritarian states are phenomenal and significant. Be that as it may, they are not so distant from reality as one would think†¦ Burgess shaped his image of Alex’s world on the planet he saw around him during the 1960s. This is generally striking in the language that is utilized. It is completely brimming with Russian words: â€Å"horrorshow†, â€Å"krovvy†, â€Å"ptitsa†, and â€Å"tolchock†. This is obviously a reference to the Soviet system, which administered over the USSR with an iron clench hand. At the time the Cold War was in full power, ill will was high and Soviet socialism represented a genuine danger toward the western popular governments. In any case, it is conceivable that Burgess was delineating the future world just as his own. He is proposing that if his own general public were to carry in transit it was in his time, at that point it might wind up being as severe and harsh as the Soviet system. It is even a likelihood that Burgess accepted that the western nations, including his own nation, the UK, would fall under the standard of socialism and become Soviet states themselves. In the event that this is valid, at that point it recommends to me a profound respect for the Soviet system, not an aversion: he thought about that the Soviets were so solid and sorted out, that western occupation was a real chance. In any case, if this occurred, Burgess trusted it would be the apocalypse. All through the novel he makes inconspicuous references to specific things he accepted would not last under state control: workmanship and writing. Alex himself says that â€Å"newspapers [were] not being perused much†. Later he depicts the â€Å"Public Biblio†, or library, â€Å"which very few lewdies utilized those days†. The young men wear covers later in the main part, and these are additionally huge. â€Å"Peebee† Shelley is viewed as an oddity now; a well established writer from years back, long dead and since quite a while ago overlooked. Indeed, even Elvis Presley is incorporated with Shelley and Henry VIII, recommending that he also is essentially a remainder of an old society. This had considerably more importance in the time Burgess composed the novel, since Elvis was alive and well known and particularly a piece of present day mainstream society. To Alex he is a name that amounts to nothing. Indeed, even the leftover structures of Oldtown are abnormal to him. They are from when individuals had a decision. The fall of writing and craftsmanship is interchangeable with the cancelation of opportunity. Writing, workmanship and engineering are types of articulation †and in Alex’s world they don't exist, just in passing references and curiosity veils. There is the boys’ appearance: the purported â€Å"heighth of fashion† for their day. In numerous regards it is like style of the 1960s. The unbelievable styles, showed by the â€Å"old jam mould†¦ fitting on the groin under the tights†, entertainingly molded into blossoms, bugs and a â€Å"clown’s litso†. What's more, there are additionally the exceptionally splendid hues †â€Å"purple and green and orange wigs on their gullivers†. Or maybe bizarrely the young men additionally wear make-up. There are two potential clarifications for this. The first is the most self-evident: the young men need to appear as something else. They are hitting out against composed state-control. The subsequent explanation is significantly more unpretentious: at the time Burgess composed the novel, a sexual upheaval was occurring; specifically, ladies were all the more allowed to take on the customarily manly practices, for example, seeking after a vocation. Unmistakably, the young men are doing likewise: embracing a customarily female practice. It may be the case that Burgess is offering a social expression: he predicts that later on, the limits figuring out which sexual orientation takes on which job will be less unmistakable. However it is still just a recommendation; Burgess’s old-style disposition towards the genders is genuinely clear in the book, since each significant character is male. It is a weird mix of past and â€Å"future†. Be that as it may, in spite of the fact that the young men need to stick out and not adjust, they are incidentally acclimating inside their own gathering. The unusual garments and make-up are parts of their uniform, which exist chiefly to control individuals in an activist manner. They are battling fire with fire. What's more, in the event that the make-up is a balance proclamation, at that point it is amusing too. The young men would prefer not to be equivalent to every other person †they like to appear as something else. What's more, they don't need equivalent rights †they accept that they have, or ought to have, more rights, and can along these lines oppose the law through demonstrations of savagery. The message that Burgess is putting across here is equivocal. It is possible that he could be stating that an excessive amount of state control will in the end power a rough upset, and consequently the administration ought to unwind, which is presumably the most well-known conviction. Or on the other hand his admonition could be the inverse: he is stating that in the event that the administration yield and award additional rights to everyone, at that point later on there will be somebody, some place, who has, or needs, more rights. I want to accept the last hypothesis. Burgess was not for vicious upheaval of any sort. A Clockwork Orange is an alarming expectation of the world to come in the event that it keeps on giving individuals so much force, and not an admonition of how the world will be if state control proceeded. In the long run the entirety of this opportunity would require state control, as it exists in Alex’s time. Burgess was for a specific level of control †the utilization of Russian words in his novel, as clarified above, is proof for this. Albeit scarcely any individuals would concur with me, that is the thing that I accept. Burgess’s epic was to be sure composed as a notice to those in his time. Be that as it may, in spite of the alarming delineation of state control, I don't think Burgess was so contradicted to it as certain individuals guarantee. I would just say that the authoritarian system of Alex’s time is a case of an outrageous type of state control that is absolutely off-base, however simply because of its seriousness. Burgess’s cautioning was not focused on the administration; it was focused on the individuals who longed for upheaval. Just a single thing is sure: the undertones are clear, and A Clockwork Orange is unquestionably not only a dream novel.

Drama portfolio work Essay Example For Students

Show portfolio work Essay In scene 1 it is set at the eating table and we have a house visitor and everybody is very articulate and gracious. In any case, the youngsters were so acceptable, they even demonstrated the house visitor around the house, while I talked with my significant other he revealed to me he lost his employment and I separated and we then tied in scene 3 in a similar scene, I at that point disclosed to him I was pregnant and he took it quite well and said that he was pleased and we will traverse the money related side of things rapidly. We additionally tied in scene 2 and 4 together. This time my family were discourteous and directly to the point there was no set spot to eat, my senior child taking medications at the case we call a table. Also, my different children where before the TV. I told my better half that I was pregnant, and he inquired as to whether he was the dad. At the point when he revealed to me he lost his employment I got tired and left I didnt need to attempt to sift through my marriage I just exited. From the play kindred spirits my gathering was solicited to do the main couple from scenes I played Mrs Johnston. I delighted in this job as I needed to do the scouse emphasize, and as I am initially from Liverpool it worked out easily. In my gathering I had Claire who played Mrs Lyons, Daniel played Eddie, and Linda played the storyteller. We didnt change any of the scenes; we simply changed how we figured they would be performed. Kindred spirits review On November 27th 2003, I went with the school to the Phoenix theater, in London; to see the Matinee execution of Willy Russells melodic Blood Brothers The play contained a cast of eight principle characters: Mrs Johnston (Sarah Hay) A working class mother of a major family who can't bear to keep the two siblings. She is a free mindful lady, who might do anything she can to help her children. Narrator (Philip Stewart) The storyteller has a bizarre quintessence in the play he is consistently in front of an audience watching everyone in front of an audience and seems to be a Devil figure yet additionally as a caring outsider. Mickey (Stephan Palfreman) Is the child that is kept. He has a silly character who takes after his mom with his freedom. As the play advances so does Mickeys development. He is full certainty and can make companions effectively as he grew up with a house brimming with people. Eddie (Mark Hutchinson) Is the child that was parted with. He is adult and respectful He was grown up as a possibly chills thus has no understanding or certainty with regards to talking or warming up to others. Mrs Lyons (Louise Russell) Is an affluent lady who can't have kids thus takes a chid off Mrs. Lyons. She is a jumpy lady he will successfully prevent Eddie from discovering the truth. Linda (Amanda Salmon) Is Mickeys closest companion all through the play. She adores Mickey later on in the play, isn't hesitant to show it, she turns out to be closest companions with Eddie, and may have mystery affections for him. Sammy (Daniel Taylor) Mrs. Johnstons oldest child, he has a metal plate in his mind. Anybody can see that Sammy is inconvenience from a mile away; he is the reason for Mickey going to prison. Mr. Lyons (Stephen Pallister) Mrs. Lyons Husband, He needs a kid more than anything and doesnt realize that his better half cannot get pregnant, thus in a way he squeezes his significant other to have a youngster and doesn't have the foggiest idea about that Eddie isnt actually his. He is away when his better half obviously gives birth The general story of the play is that Mrs. Johnston weds a man and lives joyfully with kids; until she has too much. At the point when he becomes weary of the considerable number of kids, he leaves her all alone. Not having the option to adapt to all the pressure, she gets her self a line of work cleaning for Mrs Lyons. Mrs Lyons can't have offspring of her own and begrudges Mrs. Johnston. .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d , .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .postImageUrl , .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d , .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:hover , .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:visited , .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:active { border:0!important; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:active , .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:hover { haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud667d 543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud667d543d02057e5ec51c04b6cd5f97d:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Big Brother - Cartoon Analysis EssayMrs Johnston can't bear to take care of her youngsters when she has twins, and was constrained into giving one of them to Mrs Lyons Mickey and Eddie meet by some coincidence and become best of companions at that point kindred spirits. At the point when Mrs Lyon finds that Eddie and Mickey have met she moves away. At the point when Mickey moves to the open country, he meets Eddie once more. They grow up together and live content until Mickey goes to jail for a wrongdoing his sibling Sammy submitted. He at that point turns out to be sick. At long last when two individuals meet and disco ver that they are twins they kick the bucket. Is it reality or just occurrence? The play occurred on an open stage, with an enormous cyclorama screen that was put at the back, which was lit with pixie lights to give the impacts of city houses and processing plant lights. There were no shades, and there was a limited quantity of floor space between the stage and the raised assembly hall. Rather than the symphony, playing at the front it was brought stage right covered up in the containers, behind the stage set of pads.

He Zigs, He Zags

He Zigs, He Zags MIT has an experimental new video podcast called ZigZag. Currently four episodes into its trial run, ZigZag is a periodic video magazine featuring stories that capture and communicate the richness and diversity of the MIT experience. Subject matter will range from the arts, research, student life, interesting people, special events, technical innovation, sports, and the occasional hack. I hosted Episode 4, check it out! Hosting is harder than it looks! I have a newfound respect for Jon Stewart, Katie Couric, Dan Patrick, and anyone else who talks into a camera scripted. You can also check out the first three episodes: Episode 3 has bits on the Cannon Hack and robotics, among other stories; Episode 2 covers the annual Latke vs. Hamentashen debate and SportCast; Episode 1 has the cellphone ringtone competition and IAP. Its fun to watch ZigZag evolve through the first four episodes. The good folks at Academic Media Production Services (AMPS) would love to hear your feedback about ZigZag, about the stories, and, yes, about the hosts. Please be honest in your feedback! What are your thoughts? Would you subscribe to and watch this podcast? What kinds of stories and features would you want to see?

Challenging with Effective Group Communication - 690 Words

Introduction Communication is a factor which controls and motivates people to do their job efficiently. It offers a platform to release emotional feelings, which is challenging when communicating by use of mails and other forms of communication. There are many communication barriers when dealing with effective communication in departments of a company such as auditing. Work schedules are a contributing element in creating communication barriers. Many groups in different departments experience real crisis. Group members schedule often ranges from few hours shift to a whole day shift. Splitting the group can help the groups working late to meet with group members working early to discuss, what is required to help the auditing office to work efficiently. Scheduling a convenient time is essential for both groups to evaluate how individual groups are determined to enhance communication with the entire group. Lack of technological skills has been a challenge for group communications ( Hirokawa, Poole 1986). This necessitates some training, manuals and classes to help group members deal with technological insufficiency. An employee can get hurt if they have a feeling a group has a negative perception of them. The situation can result to a barrier the employee and the group, which stresses the need to deal with disagreement that leads to pointless barriers. There are many techniques that can assist in overcoming the barriers and improve group communication. OfferingShow MoreRelatedEffective Communication1354 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss how effective communication, leadership and writing style will be of use to me as I seek to further my education. Specifically, I discuss how these skills/ideas will enhance my success in my Masters degree. 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Second, general educators or parents may perceive students with disabilities as inappropriate learning partners for typical students. Finally, students may resist group work based on a variety of prior experiences. In the area of mathematics, students may not be able to complete labs independently or have trouble with verbal communication may fall behind during group work. Therefore

The Portrayal of the Relationship Between the Sexes in the...

The Portrayal of the Relationship Between the Sexes in the Short Stories of Chopin and Hardy In Desiree’s Baby, Desiree is a young woman who had just has a baby with her husband Armand. I realized that Desiree was a young mother as ‘it seemed but yesterday that Desiree was little more than baby herself. Desiree must be a fair young looking mother as Chopin describes Desiree to be a beautiful and gentle, affectionate and sincere. When Armand, a rich wealthy slave owner falls in love with Desiree, Chopin uses a simile to show how violent and powerful his love is for Desiree as if struck by a pistol shot. His love is violent and powerful because it is being compared with a gun. Nobody in reality†¦show more content†¦Hardy indicates that Randolph is becoming up himself, as he is better than his mother. Therefore, Sophy feels very lonely in the house as she has no one to converse with Hardy continues the story by bringing back Sam into the view. Sophy longs for Sam and feels apologetic towards him as She had occasionally thought of him, and wondered if life in cottage with him would not have been happier lot than the life she had accepted.† Sophy feels very sorry when she compares her present life to maybe†¦ Sam and Sophy meet and talk about their childhood times in the countryside. Sam is aware of Sophys social class and addresses her as a Lady. During their meetings Sam tries not to be so friendly with Sophy, as she is upper class. He is respectful towards her. Sophy seems to relish while with Sam. She is aware of the class system and tries not to be as confident with Sam as it says Sam pulling himself up now†¦though himself too familiar†¦ A woman of pure instincts, she knew there had been nothing wrong†¦supposed it conventionally to be very wrong indeed. Both quotations indicate that Hardys intention is the

The Root Of Poverty - 2011 Words

Question 1 The questions of whether poverty is the result of institution or perhaps a byproduct of â€Å"laws of nature† is quite a complex one. Backers of both arguments have extensively argued for their respective stance on the matter. Further complications arise from the fact that not all the backers agree on what constitutes certain concepts of interests, such as happiness. Defining a cutoff point for poverty throughout a country, and even more so, in the world also challenges†¦. Additionally, the same people might not possess complete information due to various circumstances. Nevertheless, they can still have valid and useful information which could be improved upon to investigate the question of the root of poverty. Poverty is defined as, the lack of resources to achieve basic human needs. The World Bank defies is as the â€Å"pronounced deprivation in well-being.† These definitions present us with the initial difficulties plaguing our economic search. How does one defy poverty in an economic sense? For example, measuring poverty in poorer countries might be based on proxies such as what a household owns; whether it’s a television, the size of the house, if the house has dirt or a concreate floor, and so on, since poorer countries tend to have higher unemployment rates, and often have an agricultural economy. Countries on the other end of the spectrum tend to use income as a good first indicator of poverty. 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The Mars Volta “Amputechture” free essay sample

From the opening notes well, sounds of their ethereal rock opera â€Å"Amputechture,† one can see that The Mars Volta have not changed the basic formula that underlies their music: surreal soundscapes underlying musical composition that is both completely ignorant of musical theory and too brilliant to be appreciated by most. The Mars Volta does not shoot for radio hits but rather to frustrate MTV viewers. This album, their third, is completely different from the previous two. The opener, â€Å"Vicarious Atonement,† conjures images of Tool and progressive metal before quickly becoming a rather mournful ballad punctuated by guitarist John Frusciante of the Red Hot Chili Peppers. A wild saxophone solo suddenly jumps into the opening to â€Å"Tetragrammaton,† a 17-minute track that can easily be seen as having three movements. Rather than smoothly segueing from track to track, the Volta have decided to â€Å"jump† from one to the next. Similarly, rather than a conjoined concept as in previous records, this is a series of vignettes that has been compared by singer Cedric Bixler-Zavala to films like â€Å"Magnolia. We will write a custom essay sample on The Mars Volta â€Å"Amputechture† or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † The entire album, however, has underlying themes of loving versus fearing God and respect for â€Å"the little guys who hold society together.† A minimalist â€Å"Asilos Magdalena,† utilizing only acoustic guitar and Bixler-Zavalas cooing Spanish vocals, leads into â€Å"Viscera Eyes,† a single that showcases the bands ability to floor an arena. The album ends with â€Å"Day of the Baphomets,† a bassy, powerhouse track to bring down the walls. The Mars Voltas namesake may now be considered a description rather than an arbitrary name, as the â€Å"voltas,† defined by Federico Fellini as â€Å"sudden shifts in scene,† abound in this album. It is certainly their most challenging work yet and clearly one that is not for everyone eight tracks in 76 minutes requires a serious musical attention span. Repeated listening sessions yield true emotion and the stories of those who have no voice on the grandest of scales.

Tattoo or not to Tattoo Essay Example For Students

Tattoo or not to Tattoo Essay Tattoos or skin art as it is commonly called, seems to be the latest fashion trend today. Everywhere you look someone else is getting inked, be it could be the college student, the young mom next door, or the executive in his business suit. The history, selection, safety , and care along with some removal methods are not always obvious nor is a non-permanent alternative. All these things and more will be revealed in a few short moments. The history of skin arts beginnings are some what unclear. Some people like tattoo artist Erik Reime think that it goes back to biblical times, in fact it could be conceived that GOD created the first tattoo when he put the mark upon Cain (3). For others it originated n Egypt or as V. Wageman reviews in Victoria Lautmans book The New Tattoo the first tattoo may have come about when some stone age klutz fell down near a hearth found charcoal embedded in his flesh(8). through out history we can see that tattoos have served a variety of purposes. We will write a custom essay on Tattoo or not to Tattoo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now They have been the distinguishing mark of a slave or a ruler, they were and still are used in prisons and more recently have become a means of personal expression. In the eighteenth century Capt. James Cook brought back to England some tattooed South Sea islanders. Cooks seamen were among the first westerners to have full body tattoos. From there tattoos progressed to the US where slaves were branded with their owners name or some other distinguishing mark. In a web page written and maintained by Robert Birkins we can see how skin art was also used in the prison camps of the former soviet union where a complex language was developed using tattoos as symbols. Such languages have been studied by specialists in hopes of cutting crime rates in the USSR. Some examples of prison tattoos are: Insert From there we progress to modern day, where skin art has become an avenue of self expression. In our generation the tattoo is seen more as who you are than as a political statement or brand. Tattoos today are about experiences, feelings, and a permanent sense of self-worth and pride. The selection of your skin art is as important as the selection of the artist that applies it and of the care that will later be needed to keep it beautiful. One should always be sure that the design is something that you have a love or passion for, whether you decide on flash (ready made artwork that is usually found on the salon walls or in their portfolios) or have an original design, the art you have applied will be with you always and like it or not the artwork you pick will determine the way some people view you. The traditional way to have a tattoo is of course with needles and ink. There is nothing like the pure and natural adrenaline rush that occurs when you sit in the tattoo artists chair and listen while the high pitched hum of some 1,800 pricks per minute machine makes its mark upon your body. One of the most commonly asked questions is does it hurt? This question has been answered by tattoo artist and salon owner Eric Reine, when he replied yes of course it hurts; however please remember that there are several deciding factors on exactly how much pain youll be in. Among these factors are, where the artwork is located, how big the design is, and how high your tolerance for pain is. All of these are determining factors of how bad the pain will be. Large pieces on your back will hurt a lot more than Insert a quarter size tattoo on your arm. Generally speaking any piece done on the ankle Insert , wrist or fingers will hurt more than one done on a fleshy part of the body simply because of the lack of padding, but please dont let this be the deciding factor in where should I put my tattoo if your ankle is where you want your dolphins or band, then grit your teeth and go for it otherwise you will never be happy with your choice, and removal is both costly and painful. The choices for your skin art are limited only by your imagination, available skin, and your wallet, so think long and hard before jumping in. Recently another method of skin art has made its way the Atlantic and is becoming popular. It is Mehndi:, the ancient art of henna tattooing. In her article Body of Art Maya Brown reports that according to Rabi R. Dabit, founder of the first henna salon in the US. Mehndi is believed to have originated in Egypt more than 7,000 years ago. In fact in a recent article answers published in Essence magazine the writer explains the process is more detail. .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .postImageUrl , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:hover , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:visited , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:active { border:0!important; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:active , .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u57963ae3ef0db622fbb0af44fd785f5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Jack of All Trades: The Importance of Being Well EssayThey report that the tattoo like designs are achieved by painting the skin with a henna paste. Traditionally the designs are placed on the hands, wrists, arms. It is also popular on brides to be, and on other religious and/or special ceremonies(38). One of the primary reasons Mehndi is becoming more popular in the US is because the designs will last one to six weeks depending on the location , size, and the type of henna used, for example the designs put on the arms or stomachs will last longer than the ones on the hands simply because hands are washed more often. The cost depends on the area in which you live, and the different salon owners. If you choose to go the traditional route and get a needle and ink tattoo in addition to design and location, you have to find an artist and shop. There are shops opening up almost everywhere it seems and while most are careful about using disposable needles, sterilizing equipment, and handling the ink properly not all are, so be informed ask a lot of questions before sitting in the chair. A reputable artist will always use disposable latex gloves, normally he will not stop a design once he has started, unless it is a large design or unless you ask him to. In her article So you are thinking about getting a tattoo or body piercing Barbara Freyenberger a RN and MSN student also suggest t visit several shops and artist, check out the lighting, if they are clean, do they require consent forms to be filled out, etc. Most important is do you feel comfortable? If not walk out and try somewhere else, usually your first reaction to a place is the best judgment you can have. One of the reasons for doing your homework when checking out a tattoo artist and/or shop is so important is because there is little or no government regulation or requirements. In fact with the exception of a business license, most states or cities do not require an artist to even have a license. Recently however there have been several bills passed in the senate that will change this. One such bill was passed back in 1996 when the Michigan State Senate voted 37-1 that customers under the age of 18 have a parent or guardian along to sign a consent form before getting a tattoo. If they didnt comply then salon owners would face a stiff fine and possible jail time for violations(Detroit News). Other states have passed bills like Dingells Law, under this bill salon owners would be fined a maximum of $1,000. 00 and parents could sue for damages if parental consent was not issued(Tattoo1) More recently Assemblywoman Marion Crecco has introduced two new bills to legislature aimed at regulating the tattoo business. Both are long overdue and for the most part reputable salon owners agree with and welcome the change. The first bill will force the salon owners to obtain a license, the second will require the shop personnel to check Ids and if the client is under 18 he/she will need written parental consent. (Needleman 1). Many shop owners such as Butch Coner agree with the work that the legislation is doing. He believes you cant be too educated in this field that includes the safest, most sterile equipment and procedures in addition to checking identification and having parental consent. What would the results be if the licensing legislation is enacted? Sara Needleman reports that a five member Tattooing and Body Piercing Advisory Committee would be established in the Division of consumer affairs in the department of Public Law and Safety. The committee would be under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Medical Examiners. Applicant for licenses would have to be 18 years of age, of good moral character, and have obtained a high school diploma, Plus, each applicant would have to complete a tattoo or body-piercing education program and pass an examination administered or approved by the board of medical examiners. The licensing bill has been referred to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, while the bill requiring underage children to have parental consent has passed the Consumer Affairs and Regulated Committee and is awaiting a vote in full assembly. Congress, parents, and shop owners want the proposed regulations not just to control underage tattooing but also because tattooing can cause serious health risks if proper precautions are not taken. Some problems include infections, hepatitis and more recently a burning sensation during an MRI. .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .postImageUrl , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:hover , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:visited , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:active { border:0!important; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:active , .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u72caafeb9d583cc3fa58225c0f11c1bb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Socratic Worldview EssayPam Moore reports in a recent healthbeat show entitled MRIs Tattoos that very rarely patients complain of a burning sensation the area of the tattoo. DR Jermon Barkas who heads the California Pacific Medical Centers MRI imaging center explains that the problem is caused by the metal that is contained is some red tattoo dyes, so that Theoretically there is a risk that the metal in the tattoo could heat up in the MRI machine. However he further explains that it is very rare for a patient to have a problem like this and there is no reason to avoid having an MRI if it is needed. Okay, you have picked out the tattoo design, figured out an artist and shop to make your dream come true Now how do you care for it? Most shops will give you an oral directions and a card something like the one here. Insert But if not , an internet source Tattoo Revolution suggests: ?. Do not remove the bandage for at least 2 hours ?. Do not pick scabs ?. Wash the area with soap and water once a day, after washing apply a thin layer of lotion to the area. Please use a fragrance free lotion that is not petroleum based, the fragrance can cause irritation and the petroleum doesnt allow the skin to breath. . Apply the lotion several times a day ? Do not soak your tattoo for any reason ? Keep out of direct sunlight (or tanning beds) for at least one month, after this apply at least a SPF30 to prevent the colors from fading Of all these directions Do not pick scabs is the most important because when you pick the scab off it results in scarring, loss of color and it increases the risk of infection. Another FAQ is What if I change my mind, and I dont like my tattoo? For this problem there are only three solutions. The first is the easiest and cheapest: Swallow hard and live with it. The second solution is a cover-up. This will require a talented artist, a little pain, and some imagination, and a fair amount of expense. This method works best for small pieces and is best left between the artist and yourself. Finally there is tattoo removal. This is without a doubt the most expensive way to have a tattoo removed. One internet source finds that since there are several methods to remove a tattoo today, you physician will choose one depending on several factors, such as the size of the tattoo, location, and the amount of time you had your artwork. It continues with the following explanations and graphics. The most popular way of removing a small tattoo is by Excision, this procedure involves numbing the area and surgically removing the tattoo, the edges are stitched back together and off you go with minimal bleeding and discomfort. Insert Dermabrasion is another method. This requires the physician to spray the tattoo with a solution that will freeze the area. Then the physician causes the skin to peel by rubbing it with a sandpaper-like material. A dressing is then applied. Insert Perhaps the oldest method available is Salabrasion. This century old procedure is similar to dermabrasion in that the sandpaper-like material is used however in this method after the area is numbed a salt water solution is applied before the sanding occurs. With new technological breakthroughs happening almost daily, Lasers have quickly become the newest and easiest form of tattoo removable available. Insert Three such techniques have been introduced recently, while not cheap they will erase that tattoo and with minimal scarring. Selective Phototherolysis is recommended for small easy to remove tattoos. This method uses lasers to destroy only the inked skin cells so it has little scarring. This process has been further improved with the introduction of High Lesion according to the director of The Laser and Skin Surgery of New York, New York Citys Roy Geronemus, MD in an article written by Linda Benson for Dermatology Times. The Vetrapulse CO2 laser is designed to remove the super thin layers of skin (again with little scarring) this method may need to be combined with selective lasers to remove all of the inked cells. Another laser used for tattoo removal is the Pohotoderm PL Laser while this method will get all the pigment out at once the results are not as consistent according to dermatologist Steven B. Snyder, MD (Geracil). A tattoo is a very personal thing. One that for most requires a lot of thought and planning. This combined with the proper artist, care, and legislation will make you vision come true. If not there is always the alternative of removal so, Tattoo or Not to Tattoo the decision is yours.

History of the laptop essays

History of the laptop essays Todays portable laptop computers have come along way since the Big oversized machines of the early eighties. The laptop has become very popular over the years and may soon be used more often than desktop computers. The idea of the laptop came was thought up by a man named Alan Kay. Alan Kay imagined a laptop sized portable computer which he called the Dynabook which would have wireless network capabilities, excellent color graphics and tremendous computing power. Alan convinced the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center to fund a laboratory to put his idea into action. Eventually, he put together the best hardware prototype of the Dynabook that he could with the available technology present. He called the prototype, "The Alto", which had bitmapped display, mouse and network connectivity and could be considered the prototype for the modern miny computer. He also had plans to design software to make it all usable. He choose choose school children as his test audience in which he did a series of experiments then followed up by analysing people actually using the system. His result was Smalltalk which was used with the new Xerox Star computer which unfortunately for him, turned out to be a failure. Some consider the IBM 5100 to be the first portable computer. The 5100 weighed 50lbs and was available in 12 models which varied in memory from 16kb to 64kb. Prices for these machines went up to almost $20,000, but only 6 months after introduction the IBM 5100 went out of production. The first real laptop computer was designed in 1979 by William Moggridge of Grid Systems Corp. These 340K memory machines recently fetched in $800.00 at auction. In 1981 Adam Osborne released the first commercially successful portable computer onto the market in which he called the Osborne 1. This machine was equiped with it's own software and operating system, had a keyboard, two floppy drives and a very smal l screen, barely 5 inches in width. ...

Groupon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Groupon - Essay Example The company makes profit by retaining utmost half the money paid by customers for subscribing to coupons. For instance, a $50 message can be bought by an individual for only $25, if purchased through Groupon. Then the $25 would be split between the retailer and Groupon as per their initial terms of contract. Each day, the subscribers of Groupon receive daily deals from a variety of local businesses including spa, home paints, restaurant, and so on. From the above discussion it can be said that if the minimum number of subscribers does not sign up for daily offers, the subscribers are not given discounts. E-Marketing Analysis The e-marketing strategy of the company helped to grow its revenue in one year and become one of the fastest growing companies. According to the business model of the company, the users get to avail discounts only when certain number of subscribers signs up for a deal. Such a strategy adopted by the company helps the existing subscribers to spread the message to their family, friends, followers, and hence encourage others to follow the suit. This e-marketing strategy helps the company to introduce themselves to new potential customers (Chaffey, 2008, pp.336). The company’s marketing and promotion strategy enables subscribers to share their experience on social media. This helps the company to spread the daily deals reach out to as many customers as possible. The company also offers group deals which add value to daily deals package because a customer who has never used the products of Groupon gets to avail attractive discounts. The process spreads through referrals helping the company to spread products to larger segment. In addition, the company sends daily emails to their...The company also motivates its customers through social networking. The web design of the company’s portal uses a countdown timer clock and a tracker of number of deals signed by customers. Such interface helps the customers to spread the deals online to their friends and family. The company’s e-Business strategy also helps to reduce the cost of advertising and add value to the business by encouraging potential customers turn into repeat customers. The company also sends frequent emails to subscribers for daily deals and best offers. The company’s marketing and promotion strategy enables subscribers to share their experience on social media. This in turn motivates the subscribers to spread the daily deals reach out to as many customers as possible. Recommendation The e-marketing strategy of the company helped to grow its revenue in one year and become one of the fastest growing companies. According to the business model of the company, the users get to avail discounts only when certain number of subscribers signs up for a deal. Such interface helps the customers to spread the deals online to their friends and family. Recent studies have also shown that Groupon subscribers are favouring Groupon mobile applications over traditional desktop internet. The company should invest more in mobile commerce technology. It will help the company to reach younger generations more easily and also increase revenue.

Risk in the business world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Risk in the business world - Essay Example There are four basic ways in which a CFO can handle risk; avoid, reduce, assume, or transfer the risk (Silverman, n.d.). A CFO’s attempts should be directed at managing risk in the very order as mentioned here. Personally, a CFO handles risks by collaborating with and influencing the CEO, and also by maintaining independence (Egon Zehnder International, 2008). The challenge for a CFO is to focus on controls, and at the same time, on business partnering. Being able to balance the two conflicting claims enables a CFO to deliver business results. Professionally, a CFO handles risk by trying to assess it in advance and informing the concerned authorities so that it can be managed in time and effectively, if encountered. The best source of risk assessment is historical records and past experiences coupled with expert opinion. In addition, various software like Primavera Risk Analysis can be used to assess and manage risks involved in a

Effect of Dispossession on Aboriginal Spirituality

Effect of Dispossession on Aboriginal Spirituality There remains a continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spirituality in relation to the stolen generations. Aboriginal spirituality is based on the encompassment of the Dreaming, the inextricable link with the land, totems and sacred sites and involves ceremonies, story-telling, kinship roles and responsibilities and a strong sense of cultural identity. The stolen generations involved children being forcibly removed from their families and communities and put into institutionalised missions and camps run by both the state government and the Christian Church. It was the cause of dispossession that involved colonisation, missionisation, segregation, assimilation and self-determination policies which significantly impacted Aboriginal spirituality; past, present and future. These were deliberate, calculated policies of the state and are evident in the first YouTube video, Rabbit Proof Fence Stolen Generations (March 24, 2009), where the white official points to the authorisatio n paper, this is the law, and physically removes the three native Aboriginal girls from their mother showing signs of inhumane brutality. Through these policies, Aboriginal land, spirituality, culture and Dreaming were lost never mention Aboriginality. This, along with the crying scenes in video two, Rabbit Proof Fence Documentary forced removal scene, shows the emotional impact that it had on the actors as well as on all the victims of the Stolen Generation. This video depicts the traumatic psychological effects the stolen generation era had on the actors themselves, who emotionally broke down into tears having to act in these roles. This illustrates how the loss of family and spiritual ties caused such devastation. This disconnection from the families, communities and thus, from the elders resulted in the inability to pass down necessary knowledge to the next generation that is needed to keep Aboriginal spirituality holistic, living and dynamic as there is a strong need for oral teaching and learning. The prohibition of practicing Aboriginal spirituality led to the loss of religious traditions, culture, language, ceremonies and identity, was also evident in video three, History in the making: Pain of Stolen Generation lives on, at the age of three, Helen Moran was given a new identity and a new family. Since these children were physically separated from their elders who held their spiritual knowledge along with being physically separated from the land and their sacred sites, there was a loss of identity, from their Aboriginal gender and kinship roles and responsibilities, totemic connection to sacred sites and the inability to perform ceremonies. Helen Moran states, we lost everybody, we lost each other, we lost our grandparents, we lost our whole family, they changed our names, they changed our whole heritage, our identity. This had a continuing effect on Aboriginal spirituality as it broke up families, communities and led to many social and emotional problems. As a result of the continuing effect of dispossession, Aboriginal spirituality has been destroyed overtime, driving them to negative, on-going, long-term problems such as alcoholism, drug abuse, lack of educational achievement, economic opportunity, lowered living standards,; lowered life expectancy, and higher infant mortality rate. Helen Morans personal experience epitomises her emotional trauma the worst thing for me is the idea that this man (Helen Morans biological father) died with his children hating him and blaming him, you lose your children, you struggle through life, mental illness, addiction and you die a lonely sad death with nobody around you. Helen concluded, I wish I had the chance to learn the truth which exhibits how the loss of truth and Aboriginal spirituality had a continuous, effect as Aboriginal family members, victims of the Stolen Generation, still search for their true cultural identity and heritage in the quest to find their spirituality. In summation, such dispossession, violent and physical removal of native Aboriginal children from their parents demolished Aboriginal spirituality since the Dreaming, kinship roles and responsibilities, cultural identity, heritage, language and traditions were lost with disconnection from their elder generations. This drove modern Aboriginals to overwhelming social and emotional problems. The relationship between Aboriginal spirituality and religious traditions require the process of reconciliation. There is a strong need for reconciliation between Aboriginal spirituality and Christians due to the initial contact between the two; full of racism, classism, oppression, inequality, injustice, hate, fear and division. Aboriginal people initially beared the brunt of violence, where they were forced and threatened violently to forget their aboriginal culture, traditions and language. Instead they forcibly were made to integrate into nominal Christianity attending Church services, Sunday school and singing hymns. Western Christianity had a negative impact where falsehoods and heresies were taught to Aboriginal people, for example, The Hamitic Curse, condemning all dark-skinned humans to eternal inferiority. These falsehoods had such an immense impact that most Aboriginals voluntarily denied their Aboriginal heritage, identity, culture, traditions and language because they we re forced to believe in the falsehoods and were concerned with their personal sins rather than the institutionalised sin conducted against them. The awareness that these negative experiences were immoral was the catalyst for the process of reconciliation. A step towards hope for Aboriginal victims to restore their spirituality can be seen in the source, taken from the Lutheran Church of Australia. Aboriginal artwork in the form of a circle is positioned in the centre of the cross to illustrate the continuous existence of Aboriginal spirituality in the heart of those who converted to Lutheranism. If reconciliation is achieved, the future encompasses more hope for these victims. The source is an expression of Aboriginal theology which is the reconciled relationship between Aboriginal spirituality and modern Christianity. The sun rays in the image symbolises the cross significance and how it permeates throughout Aboriginal spirituality and emphasises the need of reconciliation. The symbol of symmetry epitomises the reconciled coexistence of the two religions and the hope for continuous reconciliation. There are some Aboriginal theologians that are part of the liberal tradition. Rev. Dijimiyini Gordarra and Pastor Cecil Grant from Churches of Christ individually helped reconcile Aboriginal spirituality with the Uniting Church in 1970 by contextualising the gospel for Aboriginal people. In 1985, Rev. Arthur Malcolm, the first Aboriginal Anglican Assistant Bishop in Australia was deeply committed to reconciliation and thus, counselled and nurtured Aboriginal people throughout their painful experiences, hopes and visions. The Catholic Church attempted acts of rec onciliation when Pope John Paul II visited Alice Springs in 1986 and stated There is the need for just and proper settlement that lies unachieved in Australia. Aboriginal story-telling theology is another pathway to allow Aboriginal victims to remember their Aboriginal spirituality as well as embrace their Christianity. In this way, Aboriginal people reconcile their heritage with their Christianity as they are taught Biblical scriptures through Dreaming Stories which makes the gospels more meaningful and relevant to the Aboriginal way of life. The reconciliation and unity between Christianity and Aboriginal spirituality can be seen in the source where the cross is made using traditional Aboriginal witchetty grubs. There have been many other movements towards reconciliation. The Uniting Church and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Christian Congress organised an exchange program called About Face, where 150 non-Indigenous people aged from 18 to 30 lived in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. As a sign of reconciliation, a friendship was built when Aboriginal Pastor Ricky Manton and his wife Kayleen were invited to St. Augustines Anglican Church to perform a service. Leaders from many religious traditions gathered in order to fight against Howard Governments attack on the Wik legislation. Other religious traditions, like Judaism and Islam, have assisted in the reconciliation process. A Jewish couple, Tom and Eva Rona, funded the Rona-Tranby project that recorded oral history with the help of Aboriginal Elder Eliza Kennedy. The Muslim community in Australia is most supportive of Aboriginal reconciliation on spiritual, moral, humanitarian and prudential pragmatic ground  [ 1]  is a claim of Islamic assistance in the process of reconciliation. Many faiths like Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism have also assisted in the process of reconciliation. This is evident in The Week Of Prayer For Reconciliation that began in 1993 where they shared the same goal of reconciliation exhibited through dedication to prayer, thought and reflection on acts of unity. In conclusion, there have been many efforts to encourage the process of reconciliation between Aboriginal spirituality and religious traditions and there needs to be continuous support in this subject. The symmetrical elements in the source, taken from the Lutheran Church of Australia, are powerful examples of how artwork has symbolised the co-existence of both traditions. Steps towards reconciliation in the form of proactive movements also provide hope for the victims who had suffered the horrendous effects of spiritual deprivation. Ecumenical developments and interfaith dialogue are of immense significance in Australia. Ecumenical developments are movements that promote cooperation, discussion and unity between different Christian denominations, focusing on what brings sects together, rather than what pulls them apart. Such movements are important to Australia as different Christian denominations unite to solve Australian youth, spiritual, environmental, social and justice issues, spreading peace and harmony. Interfaith dialogue is the cooperative communication between different religious traditions and their adherents. These promoted understanding, peace and a strong sense of belonging between many religious traditions. Non-denominational approach is a method of ecumenical development where it focuses on ignoring differences between different Christian denominations. Such movements can be of great importance to Australia. For example, the Australian college of Theology (ACT) strengthens Australias education system. ACT began in 1898 when Anglicans within Australia gathered resources to produce tertiary courses and exams at every Anglican college. It was linked to universities across Australia and was credited by the NSW Higher Education Board. It became non-denominational when there was more non-Anglican than Anglican students. It was a strong organisation due to the ecumenical movement which increased its efficiency and offered a common program amongst people. Other examples of a non-denominational approach towards ecumenical developments include youth associations such as Girls Brigade and Young Mens Christian Association. Such organisations builds trust between the different denominations involve d. This trust would result in a community that is based on trust, kindness and friendship, creating a stronger witness to the community. Ecumenical developments, in the form of interdenominational approaches, are increasingly evident and significant in Australian culture. Such approaches are those that are collaborative and the goal is to provide opportunities for negotiation between different Christian denominations. This is important to Australia as it creates a sense of unity, belonging, commonality and acceptance on many levels. It begins when Christians from different denominations interact with each other and, hence, leading to communal discussion. An example of this is the annual Week of Prayer for Christian Unity and Reconciliation. This is conducted with a united goal to reach a state of complete reconciliation, relieving many denominations from tension, violence and unnecessary conflict. Many denominations hope for denominational dialogue to act as a facilitator to develop new relationships by exchanging ministers to perform services. Such exchanges are known as pulpit exchanges. Christmas Bowl Appeal, Force TEN and the House Of Welcome are other instances of ecumenical movements where many denominations unite to build fundraising programs. These assist Australia by providing it with a positive reputation in charitable work, These projects show how the kindness of Australians can make a practical difference in the lives of people very far from our shores  [2]  Some of these projects, like House of Welcome, are vital in Australia as they support refugees that have been newly released in Australia by providing them with accommodation and employment. Through these charitable organisations, different denominations bond together and form strong relationships. Ecumenism is important in Australia at a family level. It promotes family through interchurch marriages. This is seen when both the Catholic and Uniting Church composed an agreement on interchurch marriages as a gift to the church. Ecumenism is also helpful in reducing duplication of material, which in turn increases efficiency. This is seen in The Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC), where the Catholic and Anglicans prepared doctrine works on common beliefs of the faith. In 2001, the Catholic and Protestant churches united in Australia for the National Church Life Survey where 500,000 adherents from 20 different denominations actively participated in. Such union encourages tolerance and reduces aggression and violence. It in the larger scheme of things reduces racial and spiritual discrimination and attack. Australia is a multicultural and multifaith country and, hence, would benefit from embracing unity of different denominations within Christianity. Deeper ecumenical developments are those that embrace differences. With these movements, comes appreciation and recognition of uniqueness in order to enrich the relationship and focus on commonalities, like the common belief in one supreme God. The deepest level of ecumenism involves overcoming differences and primarily aiming for unity between different denominations. These achievements ultimately bring social justice, peace, harmony and understanding in Australia. The common need and view of religion around the world has resulted to an increase in the search for cooperation and unity since 1945 in Australia. Interfaith dialogue is even more important than ecumenism since the people uniting are separated by greater differences. Since WWII, interfaith dialogue has allowed Australia as a whole to change its attitude towards other religious traditions other than Christianity. It has allowed Christianity and its adherents to recognise their faults and mistreatment against other religious traditions errors at best and works of devils at worst. Interfaith dialogue assists in opening interaction between different people and maintains a multicultural Australian society. It also builds harmony in Australian context as it aims to achieve common goals between religious groups. Interfaith dialogue also addresses division, concern and any ongoing religious conflict such as the Cronulla Riots. It supports and embraces differences. Interfaith dialogue depicts the desire of Australias religious traditions to engage with each other and with the world as it is extremely important to do so in the 21st century. There is strong evidence of interfaith dialogue in Australia and this has been depicted in acts of cooperation between religious traditions in Australia. In 2001, Anzac Day, Christian ministers and Buddhist monks both took part in the services at St. Marys Cathedral. This encouraged unity among Australians as they honoured soldiers in the heart of Sydneys CBD. The Victorian Jewish-Christian Dialogue Committee, The Muslim-Christian Council which together prayed for peace in Ambon, Indonesia and the Multifaith Religious Services Centre which ran at the Sydney Olympics are other examples of interfaith dialogue. Leaders of Christian, Buddhist, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and other communities together assisted with the $2 million Grifith University Multi-faith Centre showing how unity expresses great strengths and benefits to the Australian community. It brought peace in Sydney 2001, after the terrorist attack, where Muslim, Hindu, Buddhists and many denominations of Christians united at a multifaith prayer vigil.

Essay on The Pardoner of Chaucers Canterbury Tales :: Pardoners Tale

The Canterbury Tales - The Pardoner The Canterbury Tales is a poetic story of a group of people, who were going to pilgrimage. They were going to the tomb of St. Thomas a Bechet in Canterbury, which is about sixty miles from London in England. In that group, there were clergy and laity people. And in the poem Chaucer described all of them so well that we can easily see the picture of how they lived and how they behaved in manners of work and other ways of life. And while he was describing, he also criticized some members of the clergy position, because of their abusing of their position and doing things that they were not supposed to do, or not doing something they were supposed to do in their position. Among those people whom Chaucer criticized very much were the Friar and the Pardoner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the medieval society, where people were very religious, illiterate and superstitious, the Friar was respected as God himself. The Friar’s job in the church was to help people, who committed crime, by giving them a guide to pray for a certain time so that they can receive absolution. But the Friar in the Canterbury Tales was not honest and dedicated in doing his job. He abused his position by taking money from people who came to confess. He told them that they would get absolution if they pay him and thus broke the vow of obedience because it is against the Catholic Church. He broke the vow of chastity by having adulterous relationships with other women. By wearing expensive clothes, spending his time with wealthy people rather than helping beggars or sick lepers, he broke the vow of poverty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Pardoner is a person who says prayer for dead people so that the sins they had committed in life would   be forgiven. The Pardoner of The Canterbury Tales abused his position by selling some papers which he claimed if people bought, their time in purgatory would be shortened after death; he sold them for very high price. He also claimed that he had Virgin Mary’s veil, which would have been 1330 years after Mary died. He also claimed that he had St. Peter’s sail and said the pig bones, he always carried with him, were relics of St. Peter. Chucer also criticized him by implying him as a homosexual by referring him to a gelding or a mare.

Jextra Case

Jextra Neighborhood Stores Case Analysis This report analyzes the ethical dilemma faced by Jextra’s country manager, Tom Chong, who was responsible for Neighbourhood Markets in Malaysia. Jextra Stores was a Hong Kong based company that operated retail stores in China, Hong Kong, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and Vietnam. In 2005, the company successfully entered Malaysia, operating supermarkets under the name of Neighborhood Markets (Inkpen, 2010). Jextra identified a promising site in Klang, near the capital of Kuala Lumpur, to open a new supermarket (Inkpen, 2010).Mr. Chong needs to evaluate a proposal made by the Mayor of Kang, which might be considered bribery. In this case, Mr. Chong faces social and ethical challenges that may affect the company’s operations, performance, and competitiveness in the region as well as Mr. Chong’s career. The major social issues include those related to law, culture, and ethics. The report also analyzes anti-brib ery corruption enacted by the U. K Bribery Act and the U. S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA).The report concludes with recommendations to Jextra such as seeking proper legal advice, implementing an effective business code of conduct, providing inter-cultural and ethics training to managers, using a geocentrism approach and conducting an internal investigation for the Malaysian category manager. Analysis Social, Ethical, or Legal Challenges International firms operating abroad often face social challenges because they operate in markets with different legal and political systems (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010, p. 111).Each country has a legal system that provides â€Å"the rules that regulate behavior, the processes by which laws are enforced, and the procedures used to resolve grievances† (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010, p. 111). In the case of Malaysia, the country relies on a dual legal system based on common law and theocratic law. English Common law is b ased on tradition and judicial precedents (stare decisis). This type of legal system is used in, among others, U. S. , U. K. , India, Canada, Hong Kong, Australia, and New Zealand (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010).Malaysia also relies on Muslim law (or Sharia), which is based on religious precepts and beliefs. Muslim law prevails in Turkey, Kuwait, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, etc. (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). In developing countries, such as Malaysia, foreign companies and managers, such as Mr. Chong, may encounter legal risks due to the legal framework and the effectiveness of the legal system (Ling & Hoang, 2010). In recent years, Malaysia has opened its market towards liberalization of trade and services and globalization (Tahir & Ismail, 2007).Like other emerging markets, such as Mexico, China, India, and Brazil, Malaysia represents an attractive market. However, MNEs are bound to face legal challenges in emerging markets because they have an inadequate commer cial infrastructure, weak legal system, and high-risk environment (Pearson, 2011a; Pearson, 2011b). For instance, Malaysian civil and commercial laws regarding business payments for social purposes are not clear. It is a common practice in Klang and Kuala Lumpur to make social contributions for community projects, such as schools and roads (Inkpen, 2010). Additional legal issues that Mr.Chong may face in Malaysia are the â€Å"insufficient legal infrastructure for enforcing legal judgment† and â€Å"uncertainty and unfairness of court justice† (Ling & Hoang, 2010, p. 157). In Malaysia, the regulations regarding foreign investment lack transparency (Inkpen, 2010) and there had been many cases of bribery involving public officials. Malaysia has a high tendency toward corruption, which refers to â€Å"the misuse of entrusted power for private gain† (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010, p. 191). According to the TI Corruption Perception Index (2010), Malaysia was r anked 4. on of a scale of 0 (more likely to pay bribe) to 10 (less like to pay bribe) (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Russia, People’s Republic of China and Italy precede Malaysia in terms of frequency and size of bribes (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Mr. Chong knows about recent cases of corporate bribery in Malaysia and in the retail industry. There had been scandals regarding foreign investors who bribed public officials or financed government programs to obtain business privileges or competitive advantage (Inkpen, 2010).Moreover, there was a recent case of bribery involving a Jextra’s country manager in the Philippines. More likely, this manager also encountered similar ethical dilemmas like Mr. Chong. Some individual factors that may have driven him to act unethically in the Philippines could have been pressure from the company to expand and gain competitive advantage in the region. Alternatively, he might have simply wanted to advance his career as a country manager, lacked of ethics or did not know the local laws regarding bribery.Additionally, he might not have received or requested support from the top management regarding the social and ethical issues raised in the Philippines. Mr. Chong, as an experienced manager, should have anticipated that he would encounter legal and ethical risks in Malaysia. Mr. Chong face major challenges due to the weak legal framework and wide spread corruption in Malaysia. Additionally, Mr. Chong is not familiar with Malaysian domestic law and International law. For instance, Mr. Chong does not know whether accepting the Mayor’s offer would breach Malaysian law.It is against the International law to offer money, directly or indirectly, to officials of foreign governments (in this case the Mayor of Klang), to obtain a business advantage (help Jextra with the landing zone) (Inkpen, 2010). According to Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan (2010), it is crucial for foreign firms and managers t hat operate overseas to be familiar with domestic law and international law. Moreover, Mr. Chong does not know the legal policies of his home country, and therefore, if contributing to obtain a business benefit would be considered illegal in Hong Kong, if it were not through the right channel (Jextra Social Fund).Jextra Social Fund provides financing for educational and social projects (Inkpen, 2010). However, Mr. Chong is not sure whether he should go through this channel to make the contribution in order to expedite the zoning process. Additionally, Jextra’s Business Code does not help Mr. Chong to make a decision regarding this matter. Mr. Chong is not sure whether financing the primary school in Klang would be against Jextra’s Business Conduct Code. Jextra’s Business Conduct Code states â€Å"employees could not offer benefits to third parties in connection with business matters† (Inkpen, 2010, p. 3). However, Mr.Chong does not know if the contributio n would really benefit the community or individuals, such as the Mayor of Klang or his sister; the sister of the Mayor is a member of the school board. Mr. Chong also faces challenges with regard to the differences of culture between Malaysia and his home country, China. Research shows that individuals from different cultures may face challenges in understanding the behavior and values of others in the host country. Thus, this can cause a cultural clash (Tahir & Ismael, 2010). However, China and Malaysia are culturally close, so it can be expected that Mr.Chong adjust more easily than if he were to do business in countries with more cultural distance, such as France, U. S. or Germany (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Both, Malaysia and China present many similarities regarding its culture. Based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory, both countries have a high degree of power distance (PDI), collectivism, masculinity (MAS), and high uncertainty avoidance (UAI). (Dani els, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Additionally, Mr. Chong may have a different level of ethical sensitivity than its counterparts in Malaysia (Chan & Cheung, 2012).People from different cultures have different ethics, which are influenced by their beliefs and cultural values (Chan & Cheung, 2012). Other challenges that may rise are problems regarding communications. As noted by Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan (2010), â€Å"cross-border communications do not always translate as intended† (p. 67) and can lead to misunderstandings. For instance, Mr Chong is not sure about what the Mayor meant when he asked to pay for the primary school; whether he asked to pay the entire cost of the school or just a part (Inkpen, 2010). Resolving the Mayor’s RequestsAccepting the Mayor’s offer and financing the project without using the right company’s channel (Jextra Social Fund) would be illegal. It also might go against Jextra’s corporate culture and Business Con duct Code. Bribery is wrong and unethical, and as noted by Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan (2010), â€Å"it affects both company and country economies† (p. 192). Research shows that high levels of corruption have a strong correlation with low levels of per capita income and low national growth rates (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2010). Having another bribery scandal would erode Jextra’s reputation and image.It would compromise the legitimacy of the company worldwide and its operations (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2010). It is challenging for foreign managers to avoid bribe payments when these are regarded as a usual business practice in the host country (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2010). Even though, it would be easier for Mr. Chong to just pay the bribe to the Mayor of Klang and â€Å"fall back on the standard of cultural relativism† (Daniels, Radebaugh, and Sullivan, 2010, p. 195). As a manager, Mr. Chong should act responsibly and ethically , nd in compliance with local law, corporate culture and International law. The best approach for Mr. Chong would be to report to the Regional Operating Officer responsible for Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand and to the CEO, and CFO of the Supermarket and Hypermarket Divisions of the company in Hong Kong (Inkpen, 2010). Definitely, Mr. Chong should consult this issue with top management. Jextra and Mr. Chong should also receive legal advice from a reputable law firm in Malaysia regarding the legality of the Mayor’s offer, and if accepting the offer would constitute an offense under the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and the U. K. Bribery Act. If it does constitute bribery, then the best option for Mr. Chong would be to reject the mayor’s offer and proceed through formal channels to get the zoning approval (Inkpen, 2010). U. S. FCPA and the U. K. Bribery Act Even though Jextra is based in Hong Kong, the company is not exempt from the extraterritorial reach o f the U. K Bribery Act and the U. S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012). The FCPA refers to legislation enacted in 1977 that outlaws bribery (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012).It makes illegal bribery payments by U. S. companies to political parties and foreign officials. This legislation applies to operations in the U. S. and international operations as well, and to company’s employees and their agents abroad (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Not only U. S citizens, U. S companies or â€Å"issuers of securities on US exchanges† (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012, p. 3) are potentially liable under the FCPA, but also individuals of any nationality that make bribery payments to any foreign government official while staying in the U.S. (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012, p. 3). There is lack of consistency in the provisions of FCPA. For instance, it is not legal to pay to public officials to facilitate business transactions (referred to a s â€Å"facilitating payments or grease money†) (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010, p. 194). However, payments must be made to officials who are directly responsible for the transactions. In 1988, the FCPA enacted a new amendment that excludes grease money from bribery (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010, p. 194).In that case, under the FCPA, if Jextra finances the primary school through the Social Fund and make the payments directly to the Mayor’s sister in order to expedite the landing zone, it may not be unlawful. The payments should be made to someone who is directly involved with the primary school, such as the Mayor’s sister or other member of the school board and cannot be made to the Mayor directly. The U. K. Bribery Act became effective on July 1, 2011 and as the FCPA, it has a vast jurisdictional reach (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012, p. 3).The Bribery Act provides legislation regarding acts of bribery, and makes it an offense for companies that d o not prevent bribery (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012). The jurisdictional reach of the Bribery Act is wider when companies or individuals with a close relationship to the U. K. Additionally, under the Bribery Act, foreign individuals who commit bribery overseas while residing in the U. K could also be prosecuted, commit offenses (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012). Foreign companies, such as Jextra, can be also subject to FCPA scrutiny; even though its business activity has little relation with the U.S. and the company mainly operates in Asia. Non-U. S. companies could be found liable for conduct outside the U. S. that constitutes an offense under U. S. Criminal law (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012). FCPA incorporates extraterritorial provisions in its legislation. Therefore, as noted by Arnold and PorterAdvisory (2012), it is important that MNEs, consider â€Å"the potential liability under the FCPA to which their operations may be exposed† (p. 3), whether conducting business i n the U. S. or outside. Mr. Chong should act in compliance with the FCPA and Bribery Act.Managers are responsible when corruption is afoot and need to be vigilant with their actions. In addition, Jextra is responsible for ensuring that its â€Å"anti-corruption measures satisfy both jurisdictions† (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 2012, p. 6). In today’s global economy, international companies, such as Jextra have may worldwide connections through its suppliers and subsidiaries. Under the Bribery Act, it could be established some type of association, for instance through a Jextra’s parent company or subsidiary, so that if the company was to commit bribery it could still be prosecuted in the U.K. Therefore, Jextra and Mr. Chong should be extremely cautios and take into consideration that both the Bribery Act and the FCPA may have direct impact on the company’s operations; even if the company has little connection with U. K and U. S. (Arnold & Porter Advisory, 201 2, p. 6). Chong’s Recommendations to Jextra Malaysia lacks of a developed legal system and has a risky business environment, which make it challenging for foreign companies, such as Jextra, to conduct business in an ethical, fair, and responsible manner.Chong’s recommendations to Jextra include seeking proper legal counsel regarding Malaysian commercial and civil laws, and payments to government officials. An additional recommendation is to implement an effective internal business code of conduct. A clear code of conduct would mitigate some of the problems that Mr. Chong faces. The code should set global policies for Jextra’s employees and any individual working for the company (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). The code of conduct should not only be communicated to all Jextra’ s employees, but also to its suppliers and contractors.Additionally, the code of conduct should ensure that its policies are carried out. For instance, Jextra should make empl oyees sign a written agreement conforming that they read and understood the code of conduct (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Additionally, Jextra should require managers to go through a formal program that teaches them the company’s ethical code of conduct. It is vital for Jextra to implement the right measures and procedures, as well as strictly enforce these measures, to prevent bribery and other unethical behaviors among its employees.This would help the company to avoid potential prosecution and civil litigation under the FCPA and The Bribery Act. A third recommendation would include an internal investigation regarding Mr. Alam conduct. As a category manager, Mr. Alam may be using his position in the company for personal gain (Inkpen, 2010). Mr. Chong as a supervisor of Mr. Alam need to ensure that Mr. Alam is not taking bribes or gifts from suppliers, or benefitting his father-in-law. An additional recommendation include inter-cultural training for Jextra’s managers assigned abroad.When conducting business overseas, it is imperative that managers receive adequate training regarding the legal and political environment, international law, and national culture of the host country. Managers should also receive training in ethics to avoid unethical conduct. Additionally, when conducting international business, geocentrism is a good approach. According to Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan (2010) geocentrism requires firms â€Å"to balance informed knowledge of their own organizational cultures with home- and host-country needs, capabilities and constraints† (p. 4). Jextra should integrate its own company practices, Malaysian practices, and new practices as well (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Conclusions and Lessons Learned Legal policies, which include domestic law and international law, play a major role in determining how global companies can conduct businesses abroad (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). International firm s should act responsibly and ensure that its employees act in accordance with the domestic law where they operate and do not commit any offense under the FCPA and Bribery Act.By acting ethically, companies can create competitive advantage, shared value, and avoid being perceived as unethical and irresponsible by the local and global communities (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010; Porter, 2010). As a potential global manager I learned that it is crucial for global firms to set clear codes of conduct, ensure compliance with the codes (training, auditing programs), and enforce the policies in the code (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010).However, foreign managers will still face ethical dilemmas when working in a different legal and political environment. Managers need to be knowledgeable about cultural, legal, political, and ethical factors in order to succeed in their assignment overseas (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Therefore, managers should receive adequate inter-cu ltural training and counseling about the host country’s values, norms, legal and political system. Managers should be a role model for other employees by showing cultural awareness and ethical behavior.

Communitys Reaction to the Fire in Yackandandah Forest in...

Embers Campion Descents’ play â€Å"Embers† examines the connection between individuals and the community as they react to significant events. The communities’ residents’ reaction to the fire in yackandandah forest, The story of the Blue Duck hotel †¦ and the kangaroo and the story of danny and don †¦ and the horses. Campion uses a wide range of techniques such as repetition, Irony, alliteration and Imagery/onomatopoeia.This is also shown by quotes from Campion’s interview by the abc on the 2003 Victorian bushfires. The connection of the community and individuals is shown by Campion in The Communities’ residents’ reaction to the fire in yackandandah forest.‘Skinny, Slippery Path’ (pg 41) is the use of alliteration by campion to show how dangerous the experience of a bushfire real is and the things they would have to overcome to be able to save themselves and others they cared about. Campion also uses Repetition ‘Burn me hands because it doesnt work, it doesnt work like it does in the movies.’ (pg 41) this conveys that they done what they need/had to do to save the animals that the cared dearly as her plan did not work according to her plan. An additional example of this would be ‘ Then as that roar got closer you couldnt hear a thing’ (pg 42) this is alliteration, of the word ‘roar’ which show that the fire was very loud and dangerous as it came closer to them in the mineshaft.This shows that no matter how dangerous the situation got the community would do there best to keep